Heteroptera of michigan species list aquatic insects of. The samples of aquatic bugs were forwarded for identification. Catalog of the heteroptera, or true bugs, of canada and the. Toad bugs gelastocoridae are a remarkable group of aquatic bugs nepomorpha. The subsequent advances by stal 1854 and 1863, montandon 1899 and 1900, horvath 1902, distant 1904 and todd. Pdf on may 14, 2018, xie tong yin and others published notes on some toad bugs hemiptera heteroptera gelastocoridae from china find, read and cite all. Foretarsus 1segmented, freely articulating with tibia, with 2 claws. Cook introduction the semi aquatic hemiptera of minnesota is com cover whether certain species occur in minnesota. The phylogenetic relationships within nepomorpha and the taxonomic hierarchies of pleoidea and aphelocheiroidea are uncertain. Cytogenetics analysis and testis morphology of aquatic species of the families belostomatidae, gelastocoridae, gerridae, notonectidae, and veliidae heteroptera.
Although these species show certain preferences in choice of food, records exist to indicate that the majority is more or less omnivorous. Belostomatidae 3, corixidae 41, gelastocoridae 1, gerridae 8, hebridae 2, hydrometridae 1, mesoveliidae 1, nepidae 2, notonectidae 6, pleidae 1, saldidae 26, and veliidae 3. The evolutionary history of aquatic hemiptera dates back into the mesozoic. Two of these are shoreline species area within a 50 mile radius of minneapolis and st. Hemiptera aquatic bugs gelastocoridae toad bug undetermined belostomatidae giant water bug 10 corixidae water boatman 9. It is a measure of this diversity, this evolutionary versatility, that so many ecological niches are filled by bugs. The truly aquatic species are usually found under water, but many possess. The aquatic and semiaquatic bugs data table, xlsx, 34.
Pdf on may 14, 2018, xie tong yin and others published notes on some toad bugs hemiptera heteroptera gelastocoridae from china find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. As herbivores, they are these tiny yellowgreen bugs can be found on duckweed or algal unique among aquatic hemiptera. About 59000 aquatic hemiptera were collected in wisconsin, most of them in the last 15 years. Lytle, in thorp and covichs freshwater invertebrates fourth edition, 2015. Mar 26, 2020 hemiptera, gelastocoridae, nerthra, china. Identification key to the principal families of florida. Due to their ability ot utilize atmospheric oxygen, hemiptera are often able to exist in water bodies with low levels of dissolved oxygen. Most aquatic hemiptera are predatory, using a piercing rostrum to subdue and feed on invertebrates, as well as fish and frogs in some cases. Jade williams, 2003 key to genera of florida gelastocoridae.
List of families and genera of aquatic hemiptera of singapore and peninsular malaysia number of known species in brackets. Cytogenetics analysis and testis morphology of aquatic. In contrast, most semiaquatic species of hemiptera have antennae longer. A list of michigan corixidae hemiptera with four new state records from the great lakes of michigan. The large terrestrial element includes leafhoppers, cicadas, aphids, scale insects, and a variety of herbacious and predatory bugs. With very few exceptions, aquatic insects are directly dependent on the terrestrial environment for part of the life cycle. They have hemelytra for their forewings and piercingsucking mouthparts. Ent 425 general entomology resource library compendium. The latter 2 were formally placed in the order homoptera.
Nerthra gelastocoridae, esaki and china 1928, polhemus 1990b. Some hemiptera are primarily aquatic and can be recognized by the. This publication shows aquatic insects that can be used as. An annotated checklist of the aquatic and semi aquatic hemiptera insecta. Lab notes for the aquatic hemiptera heteroptera true bugs. The greatest species richness is found in small to medium sized waterbodies of slow flow that are rich in submerged and emergent macrophytes. Fully aquatic hemipterans exhibit three main underwater breathing strategies. Pdf aquatic hemiptera of wisconsin semantic scholar. Aquatic hemiptera heteroptera of kazakhstan, with notes on life history, ecology and distribution. In the samples, six families, eight genera and nine species are. Ninetyfive species of aquatic and semiaquatic heteroptera are recorded from the prairie provinces of canada, representing the following families.
Extant water bugs have been grouped into 6 3,4 or 5 superfamilies notonectoidea including pleoidea. The taxonomic studies on aquatic hemiptera was undertaken by linnaeus 1758 in his 10 th edition of systema naturae, which included 12 species from neotropical, afrotropical and palaearctic regions. There are more than 20 described species in gelastocoris. Aquatic and semiaquatic heteroptera true bugs of michigan. Habitat, life history, and behavioral adaptations of. Apparently, they are predaceous in aquatic or semi. Toad bugs gelastocoridae are a remarkable group of aquatic bugs. Gelastocoridae are easy to distinguish from other hemiptera by their general body shape and bulging eyes. Keys belostomatidae of michigan aquatic insects of michigan. The name true bugs is sometimes limited to the suborder heteroptera. The name heteroptera, derived from the greek heteroem meaning different and ptera meaning wings, refers to the fact that the texture of the front wings is different near the base leathery than at the apex membranous.
They are treated in another handout and are not included here. Additions to idiostolidae in coscaron 2017 a catalogue of the heteroptera hemiptera or true bugs from argentina. Most aquatic hemiptera do not rely heavily on dissolved oxygen in the water, but instead obtain oxygen from the atmosphere. Identification key to the principal families of florida hemiptera, s. Several lineages have invaded nearshore and open water marine habitats. Heteroptera of michigan species list aquatic insects. Our current state of knowledge about distribution of heteroptera is generally good, thanks to some good survey work by abbott, hungerford and others. Most of the previous studies were based on morphological characters without algorithmic assessment. Key to california semiaquatic and aquatic hemiptera based on habitats and habits, 3. Florida entomologist contains contributions on all aspects of basic and applied entomological science from all geographic regions. All of our specimens were collected in urban landscapes, sidewalks or driveways. One exception is the gelastocoridae, which are riparian and possess short antennae. The truly most aquatic and semiaquatic hemiptera are predatory. They are considers to be semi aquatic species occurring in riparian and littoral areas of lentic water bodies or from very slow flowing areas of rivers.
Check for this, especially for those insects that first appear to be beetles. Todd falls church, virginia our knowledge of the gelastocorid fauna of australia has developed very slowly since the description of mononyx suberosus erichson 1842. The life histories and behavior of many british hemiptera and descriptions of immature stages were recorded by butler 1923. Order hemiptera family gelastocoridae toad bug tetrix sp. They catch their prey by leaping on top of them and grasping them with their modified front legs. Gelastocoridae are reminiscent of toads both in their warty appearance and hopping movement. Information on the biology of gelastocoridae can be found on page 98.
These photos supplement pages 97103 of the guide to aquatic invertebrates of the upper midwest. Aquatic bugs occur in a wide variety of lentic waters, from temporary pools to lakes, and lotic waters, from small streams to rivers. Identification and ecology of australian freshwater. These riparian insects occur at the margins of streams and ponds, where they are predators of other insects. Hemiptera, pathway, impact introduction it is unlikely to become established. Aquatic hemiptera occupy a diverse array of habitats, ranging from stable springfed systems to temporary rain pools. The smaller aquatic element includes water striders, water boatmen, backswimmers, water scorpions and a range of lesserknown forms. Some hemiptera are primarily aquatic and can be recognized by the possession of antennae that are shorter than the head and concealed below the eye see figure 7. Cytogenetics analysis and testis morphology of aquatic species of the families belostomatidae, gelastocoridae, gerridae, notonectidae, and veliidae heteroptera luis lenin vicente pereira, 1, 2 kaio cesar chaboli alevi, 3 marcia maria urbanin castanhole, 1 felipe ferraz figueiredo moreira, 4 julianna freires barbosa, 5 and mary massumi. The fauna of aquatic bugs nepomorpha is less diverse and includes. The insect order hemiptera is a group that evolved terrestrially and invaded aquatic habitats secondarily. Chandra zoological survey of india, southern regional station, chennai600 028 introduction the aquatic and semi aquatic groups of insects are highly specialized and constitute a significant.
The truly aquatic species are usually found under water, but many possess wings, which allow movement between water bodies. Identification manual for the aquatic and semiaquatic heteroptera of. These bugs are not known to be of any economic importance anywhere. Lab notes for the aquatic hemiptera heteroptera true. Phylogenetic analysis of the true water bugs insecta. Commonly known as toad bugs gelastocoridae species occur on the ground and in the leaf litter in a variety of habitats, from both wet and dry sclerophyll forests to open heathland habitats. The semiaquatic and aquatic hemiptera of california.
Numbers of each species of aquatic hemiptera collected in nine areas of. A taxonomic revision of the family gelastocoridae hemiptera. They climb among aquatic vegetation or slowly walk near the surface. This publication shows aquatic insects that can be used as bioindicators of water quality in indiana waterways. Toad bugs have large protuberant eyes and cryptic coloration. The aquatic species analyzed in this study showed different testis morphology than the land species, that is, rounded in the distal region and elongated in the proximal for the belostomatidae family, elongated and spiral at the distal extremity for gelastocoridae, elongated and spiral or rounded for notonectidae and rounded for veliidae and. Apparently, they are predaceous in aquatic or semi aquatic habitats, although some nerthra spp. Infraorder nepomorpha, families ochteridae and gelastocoridae dan a. Bioindicators of water quality quickreference guide. Gelastocoris is a genus of toad bugs in the family gelastocoridae. Hemiptera is the largest order of hemimetabolous insects not undergoing complete metamorphosis.
Luis lenin vicente pereira, kaio cesar chaboli alevi, marcia maria urbanin castanhole, felipe ferraz figueiredo moreira, julianna freires barbosa, and mary massumi itoyama cytogenetics analysis and testis morphology of aquatic species of the families belostomatidae, gelastocoridae, gerridae, notonectidae, and veliidae heteroptera, journal. Aquatic insects can be used as bioindicators of water quality. The indiana 4h bioindicator flash cards show larval stages of aquatic insects that may be found in indiana waterways along with a tolerance score for each insect. They included bugs which are totally submerged aquatic as well as those living on the water surface semi aquatic, but not those. If you need professional assistance with aquatic insect identification, qaqc of voucherreference specimen collections, species lists, or workshops on chironomid midges, water beetles or water bugs, please contact me for rates, availability, etc. Heteroptera not only comprises the most species of any hemimetabolous group except perhaps the paraphyletic homoptera but contains the most biological, structural, and ecological diversity. Piercerpredators using segmented beak to pierce their prey and suck the fluids. Water scorpions occur in a variety of wetlands, ponds and by the edges of slow flowing waters. Aquatic hemiptera include the semiaquatic bugs gerromorpha which live primarily on the waters surface and the aquatic bugs nepomorpha which live submerged beneath the water, along with several other mostly terrestrial groups that live near aquatic habitats. Invertebrates occur in great abundance in freshwater ecosystems, including great lakes wetlands such as the marshes and swamps that make up owc. The hemiptera true bugs are a widespread and speciose order of insects. Dailey lewis and clark community college phylum annelida earthworms and leeches phylum arthropoda insects, crustaceans, spiders, mites and ticks class crustacea illinobdella moorei group hirudinea family piscicolidae leeches.
This pdf is provided by magnolia press for privateresearch use. They resemble toads by their warty appearance and movements. They two generations, pond species fly to larger lakes and rivers have several summer generations, and by fall large numbers of which they use as overwintering sites. Even hemiptera and coleoptera with aquatic adults may require access to surface air for respiration. This dependence on the terrestrial environment proba.
Nepomorpha of southeastern asia 193 which seems to be serrate. Review of the nine species of nerthra say, 1832 hemiptera. The manual should identify all genera and many species of aquaticsemiaquatic bugs encountered on what is commonly called the southeastern. Schaefer, in encyclopedia of insects second edition, 2009. Identification insects of florida 1 side view of hemipteran showing beak extending beneath head. This group is of tremendous economic importance because all the members, except some corixidae, are predators. Identification manual for the aquatic and semiaquatic heteroptera of florida belostomatidae, corixidae, gelastocoridae, gerridae. New records and checklist of aquatic and semiaquatic.
Hemiptera the memoirs of the entomological society of. Chandra zoological survey of india, southern regional station, chennai600 028 introduction the aquatic and semiaquatic groups of insects are highly specialized and constitute a significant. Respiration, mating behavior, and general physiology are therefore built on a terrestrial ground plan and secondarily adapted to aquatic life. The true water bugs are grouped as the infraorder nepomorpha, one of seven infraorders within the suborder heteroptera insecta. Jan 31, 2001 nre516 aquatic entomology lab notes for the aquatic hemiptera heteroptera true bugs notes on morphologytaxonomy of immatures synonomies for selected michigan taxa list of taxa presented additional references taxa list of michigan aquatic heteroptera. The true water bugs are grouped in infraorder nepomorpha insecta. Apart from a few aphids living on the aerial parts of water plants, the hemiptera associated with water belong to two series of heteroptera. Key to california semiaquatic and aquatic hemiptera based on habitats and habits of the nepomor pha.
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